Desagregação das Diferenças de Género no Planeamento da Reforma no Gana Urbano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31211/interacoes.n38.2020.a2Palavras-chave:
Género, Planeamento da reforma, Longevidade, Planos de reforma das mulheresResumo
Este artigo investiga as diferenças no planeamento da reforma em função do género entre os trabalhadores do sector formal e informal. Método: Foram utilizados conjuntos de dados quantitativos e qualitativos. A amostra [n=442] foi selecionada utilizando uma técnica de amostragem em várias fases. As análises mostram que a maioria dos trabalhadores (45.4%) considerou que os preparativos para a reforma das mulheres estão ligados aos dos homens, em especial as casadas e as domésticas, por razões relacionadas com o facto de os homens serem chefes de família. Isto inclui desejo das mulheres de estarem e/ou viverem mais próximas dos seus parceiros.Embora os preparativos para a reforma das mulheres possam estar ligados aos dos homens, estes planeiam muitas vezes com o apoio dos seus cônjuges. Existe uma certa independência entre homens e mulheres em matéria de planeamento da reforma e diferentes níveis de responsabilidades societais. Trata-se de duas pessoas independentes com responsabilidades, preferências, necessidades e razões diferentes. Contudo, as mulheres têm menos probabilidades do que os homens de planear ativamente a reforma. Isto é inibido pelos fluxos de baixos rendimentos das mulheres, em comparação com os seus homólogos masculinos. No entanto, as mulheres precisam de instituir mais planos do que os homens porque, na maioria das vezes, as mulheres não têm segurança social e vivem relativamente mais tempo. Significativamente, as razões que levam as mulheres a planear são diferentes daquelas que motivam os homens. Isto reforça a importância de considerar o género, quando se procura compreender as variáveis que predizem as tendências de planeamento da reforma. Tal garantiria, em particular, uma segurança financeira bem sucedida.
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